What does forensic toxicology specifically study?

Forensic toxicology specifically studies the effects of substances on the human body and how those substances can be identified in biological samples. This field focuses on understanding how various chemicals, whether legal or illegal, impact health and behavior, particularly in the context of criminal investigations. By examining the relationship between substance exposure and its effects, forensic toxicologists provide critical information that can help establish causation in cases of poisoning, overdose, or drug-related incidents.

The other options, while related to toxicology and its implications, do not capture the primary focus of forensic toxicology. For instance, studying the history of toxic substances is more about the evolution of toxicology over time rather than its application in the forensic field. Exploring legal implications related to drug use addresses societal and legal contexts rather than the scientific study of toxicity itself. Similarly, methods of drug testing in law enforcement pertain to the techniques employed rather than the core study of how substances affect human health. Thus, the correct answer underscores the essential function of forensic toxicologists in linking substance exposure to health outcomes within forensic settings.